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| 31 Dec 2014 10:32 PM |
Constitution of Canada Constitution du Canada
ARTICLE I; The Basics and Constitutional Authority
The Constitution of Canada is Supreme; no authority has the right to overrule it in any way.
Canada is a Democratic, Federal Republic where all citizens have the right for vote for their political figures.
The capital of Canada is Ottawa, and the official languages are English and French.
Canada is a sovereign state and no nation has the authority to overrule that in any way.
Canada's right to defend itself cannot be revoked by any figure.
All foreign laws are subject to Canadian review, and can be denied.
ARTICLE II; The Governor General and the British Monarch
The British Monarch is the Head of State of Canada, and they may appoint some figures in Canada.
The British Monarch's powers can be vested in the Governor General if he/she cannot appropriately fulfill such duties.
The Governor General of Canada is the representative of the British monarch, and so, is appointed by them.
The Governor General has no term, and serves how long they wish.
The Prime Minister advises the Monarch when appointing a new Governor General.
It is the Governor General's job to defend the constitution, receive complaints, and promote the general welfare of Canadians.
They appoint Supreme Court justices and Senators, with the advice of the Prime Minister for the latter.
The Governor General can grant pardons, whether on own ground or recommendation of the Prime Minister.
The Governor General is the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
The Governor General has the authority to appoint the police commissioner and directors of agencies, with advice from the Prime Minister.
ARTICLE III; The Prime Minister
The Prime Minister of Canada is the head of government, and is elected by the people of Canada.
The Prime Minister has a three month term, and can serve three terms consecutively, and then can serve again after another Prime Minister serves their term.
The Prime Minister is the leader of the party he/she represents. The Deputy Prime Minister is the Deputy Leader of the party.
The Prime Minister appoints and presides over the cabinet, advises the Governor General on many appointments, and leads Ottawa when the Governor General is not there.
The Prime Minister has the authority to reshuffle the cabinet when he/she sees fit.
The Prime Minister must have been a member of parliament previous to the election.
If the Prime Minister spot is vacant, the Governor General calls an election within one week and the cabinet is dissolved.
ARTICLE IV; The Parliament
The Parliament is divided into two houses, the Senate and House of Commons.
The House of Commons is an elected body, made up of seven members. The members run for office and the top seven people take office.
The Senate, as aforementioned, is appointed by the Governor General with advice given by the Prime Minister. There are five Senators.
Both houses are equal, albeit their selection differs. Bills are required to be passed in both houses, and are sent to the Governor General for approval.
The Parliament can meet in joint sessions to impeach a political figure, declare war, amend the constitution, or dissolve itself. All of these votes in a joint session require seventy-five percent vote.
The House of Commons serve two month terms, while the Senate serves four month terms. They can be reappointed with valid reasoning.
A joint session occurs when both houses agree to it.
The members of Parliament may be removed if they fail to attend a majority of meetings, commit mass crimes, or abuse authority.
Parliament has the final say on foreign affairs, internal affairs, and the creation of new ministries/departments/etc.
All powers not given to the Governor-General or the Prime Minister or the Monarch are given to Parliament.
ARTICLE V; The Judicial Process
The citizens of Canada have the right to a fair trial, and are tried in the Department of Justice.
There are two courts; Citizen and Supreme Courts. The first is for civilian cases, the latter for Government and appealed cases.
The Citizen court is the Department of Justice, made up of three to four judges appointed by the Minister of Justice. They serve life-terms.
The Supreme Court is five judges appointed by the Governor General for life-terms.
The law is made by parliament; however common knowledge extends to usual everyday crimes as crimes.
ARTICLE VI; The Amending Process
The Constitution can be amended with a three-fourths vote in the join-session of Parliament, or it can be proposed by the citizens and be taken to a referendum.
All proposed Amendments go to Referendum following their passage/proposal.
The official process is that it is either proposed to the Parliament or by the Citizens, and then both houses of Parliament vote for a joint session. If approved, the Special Session must obtain a three-fourths vote to pass it.
ARTICLE VII; The Ratification
The Constitution of Canada, when ratified, will remove the Parliament and elections for Commons will begin.
Former laws will be revoked as they were under a former government. |
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